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RESUMO: A atividade turistica no Rio Grande do Norte adquiriu maior relevância no final da decada de 1970 e inicio de 1980, no contexto da politica dos megaprojetos turisticos, com a implantacao do projeto Via Costeira, que objetivava ampliar a infraestrutura turistica da capital do estado. O projeto foi objeto de muitas criticas devido as caracteristicas naturais da area proposta para sua instalacao (dunas e remanescentes da Mata Atlântica). Apesar da polemica, foi aprovado e rapidamente tomadas as medidas necessarias para sua implantacao. Quatro reformulacoes foram realizadas ao longo dos mandatos de cinco governadores (1975-1993), que o ajustaram segundo os seus interesses e de seus correligionarios, nao contemplando muitos dos usos sociais inicialmente previstos. A criacao do Parque Estadual Dunas de Natal foi uma contrapartida do projeto para a preservacao ambiental de uma relevante area de dunas. O projeto contribuiu para a dinamizacao da economia do estado, gerando emprego e renda, melhorias na infraestrutura urbana, dentre outros impactos positivos, contudo, tambem gerou impactos negativos, sobretudo nos aspectos ambientais, alem de diversos questionamentos dos aspectos divulgados como positivos para a sociedade. Este trabalho analisou o processo de implantacao do projeto Via Costeira e apontou suas implicacoes ambientais, politicas, economicas e sociais. Palavras-chave: Ambiente Costeiro; Areas de Preservacao Permanente; Infraestrutura Urbana e Turistica. ABSTRACT: The touristic activity in Rio Grande do Norte became more relevant in the late 1970s and early 1980s, in the context of touristic megaprojects policy, with the implementation of the Via Costeira (coastal route) project, which aimed to enlarge the touristic infrastructure of Natal, the state’s capital. The project generated much controversy and was the object of much criticism due to the natural characteristics of the proposed area for its installation (dunes and remnants of the Atlantic Forest). Despite the criticism, the project was approved and the necessary steps were quickly taken to implement it. Four reformulations were carried out over the mandates of five governors (1975-1993), who adjusted it according to their interests and their co-religionists, failing to contemplate the social uses initially envisaged. The creation of the Dunas de Natal State Park was a counterpart of the project for the environmental preservation of a relevant dune area. The project contributed to the dynamism of the state's economy, generating employment and income, improvements in urban infrastructure, and other positive impacts. However, it also generated negative impacts, especially on environmental aspects, as well as a number of questions about the positive aspects of society. This paper analyzed the implementation process of the Via Costeira project and its environmental, political, economic and social implications. Keywords: Coastal Environment; Areas of Permanent Preservation; Urban and Tourist Infrastructure.

geonordeste

IMPLANTAÇÃO E IMPLICAÇÕES AMBIENTAIS, POLÍTICAS, ECONÔMICAS E SOCIAIS DE MEGAPROJETO NO LITORAL - VIA COSTEIRA DE NATAL/RN (IMPLANTATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL, POLITICAL, ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS OF MEGAPROJECT IN THE COAST - VIA COSTEIRA DE NATAL/RN)