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In this paper, the palynomorphology of 17 taxa of section Cheirolepis in Turkey, were investigated by light (LM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Detailed descriptions of the pollen grains were given for each taxon and a well-resolved dendrogram was generated through numerical analysis of palynological diagnostic features. The pollen grains were found to be radially symmetric, isopolar, and generally 3-zonocolporate, with the exception of C. derderiifolia, C. kotschyi var. floccosa, and C. saligna, which were also 4-zonocolporate. The shape of the pollen grains were prolatespheroidal, with the polar axes of 32.76–46.26 μm and equatorial axes of 31.86–45.82 μm. The sculpturing of the pollen grains was generally scabrate-perforate or rarely microechinate-perforate. The spines were conical with a changing base length. The length and the width of the spines varied between 0.48 and 2.28 μm and 0.4 and 3.39 μm, respectively. The number of perforations at the base of the spines ranged in two or more rows and they varied between 5 and 30. The number of spines was 16–70 in 10 μm. The results of this study showed that the polar axes, equatorial axes, aperture type, pollen shape, spine length, perforation number, and number of spines in 10 μm are essential for distinguishing the studied taxa. The taxa were grouped by clustering analysis of selected pollen characters using the UPGMA method. Introduction One of the largest tribes of the family Asteraceae (2400 species) is the tribe Cardueae (thistles) with representatives in almost every continent (Barres et al., 2013). The main area of distribution of Cardueae is the Mediterranean region, with the centres of endemism in the eastern and western Mediterranean, the western Irano-Turanian region, and North Africa (Susanna and Garcia-Jacas, 2007). The Cardueae are traditionally subdivided into the four subtribes Echinopinae, Carlininae, Carduinae and Centaureinae (Bentham, 1873; Hoffmann, 1890-94) and this classification is still accepted. Centaurea L. genus is placed in Centaureinae subtribes. Centaureais a relatively large genus in Flora of Turkey, comprised of ca. 250 species distributed across Eurasia, particularly in the Irano-Turanian and Mediterranean region (Anderberg and Elden, 2007). Recently, the number of taxa belonging to the this genus has reached to 201 taxa, of which 112 are endemic in Turkey (Uzunhisarcikli et al., 2007; Uysal et al., 2007; Uysal et al., 2012; Uysal et al., 2017; Uysal and Hamzaoğlu, 2017; Armağan and Uysal, 2018; Sirin et al., 2019) and hence, the endemism rate is about 56%. The Cheirolepis section of Centaurea is represented by seven taxa in Flora of Turkey and the Checklist of The Flora of Turkey (Wagenitz, 1975; Uysal, 2012; Uysal et al., 2012). Centaurea drabifolia Sm. includes four subspecies and Centaurea kotschyi Boiss. & Heldr. includes four varieties. The others can be counted as C. derderiifolia Wagenitz, C. deflexa Wagenitz, C. nivea (Bornm.) Wagenitz, C. sericea Wagenitz *Corresponding author: burcuyilmaz@selcuk.edu.tr Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, Ankara

Pollen morphology of section <i>Cheirolepis</i> Boiss. of the genus <i>Centaurea</i> L. (Asteraceae) in Turkey