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Newcastle disease (ND), popularly known as Ranikhet disease, sometimes Chunahaga in villages at Bangladesh, is recognized as one of the most important problems and most serious economic threat to the poultry production in Bangladesh. The disease is acute contagious which is characterized by sudden onset and rapid spread within the flock resulting high morbidity and mortality. ND is included in List A of the Office International des Epizooties1. Vaccination as a means of protecting birds against ND is routinely practiced in Bangladesh. Therefore, the types of vaccine, efficacy of the vaccine and vaccination schedule is very important when considering the protection of birds against ND. The types of vaccine and vaccination schedule adopted is influenced by a variety of factors such as antigenicity of vaccine virus, virulence of field virus, routes of vaccine administration and age of birds to be vaccinated2-3. The current programme of ND vaccination in Bangladesh as followed by the Department of Livestock Services (DLS) includes administration of a live lentogenic vaccine of Asplin (F) strain by intra-ocular (i/o) instillation to chicks at day 3 and booster dose at day 28 followed by a live mesogenic vaccine of Mukteswar (M) strain by intramuscular (i/m) injection to growing and adult birds usually, twice a year. But as the M strain is more invasive and pathogenic one, occasional report of post-vaccination outbreaks following the use of live M strain vaccine due to uncertainty or lack of records of primary vaccination with lentogenic strains could not be ignored2-3. Such vaccines and vaccination programmes have been found inadequate to protect chickens against ND in village conditions4. Therefore, this study was undertaken to evaluate the level of antibody production against Newcastle disease using haemagglutination-inhibition (HI) test. Original Article Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 24, Number 2, December 2007, pp 90-94

bangladesh journal of microbiology

Factors Influencing the Vaccination Programme for Newcastle Disease in Bangladesh: Disease Outbreaks, Haemagglutination-Inhibition Titres and Production under Field Conditions