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Uptake and translocation of radiocesium artificially added to sand soil cultivated with barley as affected by different rates of potassium were traced in outdoor pot experiment. Experimental soil was contaminated with 0.01 and 0.1 mM Cs equal to (200 and 400 Bq/kg) in the form of CsCl and incubated for 14 days prior to 150 days plant growth period. The transfer factor (TF) average values from soil-to-total biomass were found to range from 0.40 up to 0.53 as affected by interaction between tested treatments. Increasing K rates from 125 to 250 kg/ha markedly reduced the mean averages of TFs of Cs from soil-to-roots by about 24 to 68%, respectively and from soil-to-total biomass by about 36 and 74%, respectively lower than corresponding control. In all cases, the discrimination factor was below unity, indicating that Cs is less efficiently absorbed from soil than its nutrient analogue K. Introduction Soil contamination with radiocesium has a long term radiological impact due to its long physical half-life (30 years of Cs and 2 years of 134 Cs) and its high biological availability. Due to its chemical properties, Cs is readily soluble in water, and, in solution, and more easily absorbed by plants than native stable Cs in the soil because a part of the Cs is in a soil structure where it is hard to replace with Cs. Due to the chemical similarities with potassium, it enters the food chain pathway and may cause a health hazard to humans (Chino et al.2011). Plant consumption, either as direct foodstuff or indirectly as animal foodstuff, is a major pathway for radiocesium incorporation. In fact, its content in foodstuff has been controlled since the Chernobyl accident happened, with temporary permissive limits for different foodstuff after an emergency (Hamada 2012). In the environment, radiocesium is mainly present in soil solution as a free hydrated cation (Cs) with little or no tendency to form soluble complexes. Barley plant after maize and wheat contamination of the edible parts. The chemical-physical characteristics of the soil, root interception, ion uptake by roots, ion transport, ion translocation, remobilization of mineral nutrients, and root exudation are some of the factors affecting the transfer of radionuclides from soil to plants. The soil-to-plant transfer factor is regarded as one of the most important parameters in environmental safety assessment needed for nuclear facilities. This parameter is necessary for environmental transfer models which are useful in prediction of the radionuclide concentrations in agriculture crops for estimating dose intake by humans (IAEA 1994). Transfer factor (TF) is defined as the ratio of radionuclide concentrations transfer vegetation and soil. The soil-to-plant transfer factor is an important parameter widely used to evaluate food chain transfer. However, for a number of long-lived radionuclides it varies by up to three orders of magnitude. This can be explained by chemical, biological, hydrological, physical peculiarities of the soil, or by variety of plant physiological processes (Ehlken and Kirchner 2002). Radionuclide *Author for correspondence: <ahmad1a2m3@yahoo.com>. Protection Department, Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority, P.O. 13759, Egypt.

Effects of potassium fertilization on Radiocaesium transfer from sandy soil to barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)