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The effect of melting and injection processes on microstructural and mechanical properties of zinc-aluminum based (Zn-Al) non-ferrous alloys (Zamak) were studied. The analyses were carried out on samples from an ingot coming from the raw material used in the costume jewelry manufacturing process. The second one was extracted from an ingot cast with a mix of new material (70% of the primary sample) and recycled material (30%) derived from the excess of melted and injected samples on molds in this manufacturing process. Tests detected both a solid solution and eutectic phases in different amounts. The growth of the precipitates surrounding the solid phase was more evident in the secondary sample than the first one. The growth points out to refinement or redistribution of the structure composed by solid phase grains, more rounded, and abundant for the second sample. No secondary or new phases were detected through the DRX technique for the second sample. The assessment of mechanical properties was carried out using nano-indentation, macro-hardness, and strain tests. The results show a slight change in the mechanical properties. Nevertheless, for the melting and injection volumetric shape processes, the influence is negligible for shapes with the same specifications produced with both kinds of materials. Therefore, the material recycling process is an essential option for increasing the productive capacity and vital alternative to reduce the cost in the costume jewelry manufacturing process by melting and injection.

Efecto de reprocesos de fundición e inyección en la microestructura y las propiedades mecánicas de aleaciones Zamak