Open AccessDetection of Sulfonamide Resistance Genes via in situ PCR-FISH
Author(s) -
Anna Gnida,
Katarzyna Kunda,
A. Ziembińska,
Aneta Łuczkiewicz,
Ewa Felis,
Joanna SurmaczGórska
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
polish journal of microbiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.312
H-Index - 34
eISSN - 2544-4646
pISSN - 1733-1331
DOI - 10.33073/pjm-2014-022
Subject(s) - gene , biology , fish <actinopterygii> , sulfamethoxazole , microbiology and biotechnology , antibiotics , antibiotic resistance , in situ , bacteria , genetics , chemistry , fishery , organic chemistry
Due to the rising use of antibiotics and as a consequence of their concentration in the environment an increasing number of antibiotic resistant bacteria is observed. The phenomenon has a hazardous impact on human and animal life. Sulfamethoxazole is one of the sulfonamides commonly detected in surface waters and soil. The aim of the study was to detect sulfamethoxazole resistance genes in activated sludge biocenosis by use of in situ PCR and/or hybridization. So far no FISH probes for the detection of SMX resistance genes have been described in the literature. We have tested common PCR primers used for SMX resistance genes detection as FISH probes as well as a combination of in situ PCR and FISH. Despite the presence of SMX resistance genes in activated sludge confirmed via traditional PCR, the detection of the genes via microscopic visualization failed.
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