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Problem and goal. To ensure the strategic Russian economy competitiveness at the present stage we have to provide education and training for specialists and workers at the highest quality level. Workers should be able to perform labor functions under the new reality (digitalisation, robotisation, automatization of production and management activities), work with highly sophisticated technology and equipment, as well to reproduce it. The goal of the research is to estimate potential of Russian educational system to reproduction of the juvenile capacity of the economy; to offer basic recommendations for its development and implementation. Materials and methods. The states of human potential concept, theory of the technological orders, neo-industrial development are the methodological basis of the research. Results. The Russian Federation ranked 39th in the rating of states by the level of education. Russian Preschool Education Quality Index is 3,2. It is lower than the level of highly developed countries. For example, Finland has 5,34 points. According to international monitoring of school quality (PIPLS, TIMSS, PISA), it is relatively high in Russia and continues to improve. But 28% of Russian pupils have no practical knowledge application skills. Only 15% of pupils have abilities to study in distanced way. No one of Russian universities is included in the Top-100 of worlds universities. Near 32% of university graduates and 41% of post-secondary education graduates do not work in their professional sphere. There are some restrictions such as infrastructure, material, technical support of educational activities, low level of the educational process personification, insufficient opportunities for the digital skills development, shortage of the attention to the identification and development of children's individual abilities and talents, formation of soft skills. Discussion and conclusions. The authors propose a system of basic recommendations for the education system modernization. The practice implementation of the offered recommendations brings modern educational system with the up-to-date requirements of scientific, technical and socio-economic development. The key condition is to increase the level of education expenditure to the level of the leading states (5 % of GDP and higher).

Prospects and technologies of the future economy as a reference point to modernization of Russian education system