English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Colorectal cancer is a common health problem. It is the third most common cancer type after lung and breast. More than 1 million new cancer cases are diagnosed annually with half a million dying from the disease [1]. The treatment of rectal cancer is a multimodality approach and involves surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. In locally advanced disease, chemoradiation may be the first treatment followed by surgery and chemotherapy alone. Pre-operative chemoradiation is used to downstage and facilitates sphincter-saving surgery [1]. Neoadjuvant therapies also reduce the chance of locoregional recurrence and improve survival. Acute and chronic toxicities related to radiotherapy are also less compared to post-operative treatment (2). Technical advances in radiotherapy with increasingly higher energy irradiation deliver adequate doses to deeper structures with minimal doses to superficial structures [2]. Pre-operative chemoradiation with radiation doses of up to 50.4 Gy with concurrent 5-fluorouracil (at 1000 mg/m2 D1 to 4 and past 4 days of radiotherapy) is used for all locally advanced stage cancer of the rectum. This is followed by surgery and chemotherapy. A comparison study between intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and 3D-conformal radiotherapy for rectal cancer concluded that IMRT reduces treatment breaks, hospitalization, and higher grade toxicities compared to 3D-conformal radiotherapy [3]. This case of rectal cancer complicated by a pelvic kidney is a rare occurrence and poses a big challenge in the management. 3D treatment technics and other advanced planning technics like IMRT have improved the outcome of such patients. However, with the use of low technics such as 2D, the management of rectal cancer complicated by a pelvic kidney poses a nightmare due to either permanent kidney damage or poor tumor control.

indian journal of case reports

PRE-OPERATIVE CHEMORADIATION FOR A PATIENT WITH LOCALLY ADVANCED CANCER OF THE RECTUM COMPLICATED BY A LEFT PELVIC KIDNEY: A CASE REPORT FROM CANCER DISEASES HOSPITAL, LUSAKA – ZAMBIA