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In the defense and several other high performance industries, advanced composite materials are continuously used in large volumes to build relatively light and strong structures such as bullet proof vests, lightweight ammunitions, aircraft, spacecrafts, ships and offshore platforms, armored automobiles and bridges etc. An important requirement for the complete design of these practical structures is, design and development of attachment/joining methods as joint designs are very challenging and complex in composites structures. Currently, the three most commonly employed methods of joining are mechanical fastening (those using bolts, nut, staplers, rivets etc), welding and adhesive bonding. Of these three methods, adhesive bonding is the most versatile and is finding wide acceptance in the industrial arena as many dissimilar materials can be joined, problems associated with high stress concentrations around holes in bolted joints can be greatly eliminated, and good sealing can be achieved. In the present research work, the mechanical behavior of adhesively bonded scarf and lap joints comprising carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites and epoxy based adhesives under quasi-static tensile and/or compressive loadings were studied experimentally. A limited amount of numerical verification was carried out as needed. The research project was executed in four phases. In the first phase, test geometries were developed to study the knock-down in the joint strength of adhesively bonded scarf joints (those required for high performance applications) with scarf angle, under both uniaxial compressive and tensile loading conditions. Compressive and tensile specimens were carefully prepared and quasi-static tests were performed to study the joints’ behavior. The test results were simulated numerically using ABAQUS finite element program. The failure modes (adhesive, cohesive and/or adherend failure) in the bonded region were also studied and summarized in the report. vi ATTENTION: The Singapore Copyright Act applies to the use of this document. Nanyang Technological University Library

Adhesive bonding in composite structures for aerospace applications