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Aerobic granulation is a novel environmental biotechnology recently developed for treating a wide spectrum of wastewater. Although extensive research effort has been dedicated to the development of aerobic granules in sequencing batch reactor (SBR), the mechanism responsible for aerobic granulation still remained unclear. Thus, this study attempted to address a basic question of what were the potential driving forces of aerobic granulation in SBR. In the first phase of the study, four SBRs were operated at different volume exchange ratios of 20 to 80%. Results showed that a rapid aerobic granulation could be achieved in the SBR run at a high volume exchange ratio, and the characteristics of mature aerobic granules in terms of mean size, sludge volume index (SVI), granule fraction, extracellular polysacchrides (EPS) and calcium content were all closely related to the volume exchange ratio applied to SBR. To interpret the role of the volume exchange ratio in aerobic granulation, a concept of minimum settling velocity of bioparticles, which is a function of both settling time and volume exchange ratio, was proposed. It was further demonstrated that the effect of volume exchange ratio on aerobic granulation would be realized through selecting the minimum settling velocity of bioparticles. In fact, the minimum settling velocity can serve as a major selection pressure exerted on bioparticles. In the second phase of the study, four SBRs were run at respective discharge time of 5, 10, 15 and 20 min in order to look into the effect of discharge time on aerobic granulation. It was shown that the discharge time would be a key parameter influencing aerobic granulation in SBR. A prolonged discharge time would result in a failure of aerobic granulation even though both settling time and volume exchange ratio were controlled properly. It appeared that a relatively long discharge time of 20 min could unfavour aerobic granulation, i.e. a reduced cell surface hydrophobicity and EPS production were observed. i ATTENTION: The Singapore Copyright Act applies to the use of this document. Nanyang Technological University Library

Insights into mechanism of aerobic granulation in sequencing batch reactor