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The number of global occurrences for oesophageal cancer ranks 6 among men and 8 among women in the year 2002. However, epidemiological studies have shown that specific ethnic groups, particularly Asians and Africans are more prone to developing oesophageal cancer. Although the survival rates for oesophageal cancer have improved significantly over the last half a century, the overall survival rate is still considered low. Current methods of oesophageal cancer management are far from ideal. Even with chemoand radio-therapy combining with surgical treatments providing the highest opportunity of success, the quality of life of the patient after treatment is usually greatly reduced. An alternative treatment strategy would be to tissue engineer a clinically functional oesophagus for the use of organ transplantation. As previous research have shown that mechanical stimulation is able to induce positive effects on cellular proliferation and expression of cell phenotype, this project proposes to study the effects of mechanical stimulation on oesophageal cells. It is hoped that the knowledge gained from this study is able to facilitate the tissue engineering of a clinically functional oesophagus. In the course of candidature, a bioreactor system capable of providing twodimensional strain was designed and fabricated. Additionally, a suitable substrate was successfully fabricated from Chronoflex® AL-80A polyurethane pellets to provide the bioreactor actuation membrane and subsequently surface modified via oxygen plasma discharge. The fabricated polyurethane membrane was analysed with a Thermo Gravimetric Analyzer to detect the presence of any residual cytotoxins. A primary cell line of oesophageal smooth muscle cells was isolated from a sample of porcine oesophagus and characterised by immunocytochemical staining with cytoskeletal protein markers. The isolated porcine oesophageal smooth muscle cells were also used to conduct cell proliferation and cell attachment experiments on the i ATTENTION: The Singapore Copyright Act applies to the use of this document. Nanyang Technological University Library

Development of 2 dimensional strain bioreactor for the study of effects of mechanical stimulation oesophageal cells