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Plants have evolved constitutive and inductive defense mechanisms to protect themselves from herbivorous insects. Metabolites in plants are thought to be involved in response to herbivores.  Bambusa emeiensis  is an important bamboo species widely distributed in Southwest China. It is easy to attract herbivores such as  Cyrtotrachelus buqueti . Through the detection and analysis of metabolites in  B. emeiensis  metabolomic data, 35 differential metabolites (biomarkers) were finally identified from 206 detection peaks, mainly primary metabolites. Subsequently, we conducted an association analysis between 35 biomarkers that annotated to be involved in 71 metabolic pathways in the metabolome and 324 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in 207 gene expression pathways distributed in the transcriptome of  B. emeiensis  after feeding by  C. buqueti . We also discussed the relationship between the changes in gene expression levels and metabolite content variation. A total of 47 integrated pathways containing the corresponding DEGs and biomarkers were screened out, with the amino acid synthesis pathway (ko01230) containing the most DEGs and biomarkers. In these integrated pathways, the changes in biomarkers content and the expression levels of the corresponding genes were generally consistent. For example, the increase in tryptophan content was accompanied by an increase in the expression of the corresponding catalase in the tryptophan synthesis pathway. Similar to this was glucose and trehalose in carbohydrate metabolism. Therefore, this study further deepened our understanding of the defense mechanism of  B. emeiensis  against bamboo pests and provided new insights for the prevention and control of bamboo diseases and pests.

phyton-international journal of experimental botany

Integrated Analysis of Metabolome and Transcriptome of  Bambusa emeiensis  Shoots in Response to Bamboo Snout Beetle  Cyrtotrachelus buqueti  (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)