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Panax notoginseng  is a traditional Chinese medicinal plant. Root rot of  P. notoginseng  is one of the most serious diseases affecting  P. notoginseng  growth and causes wilted leaves, fewer lateral roots and rotten roots. Root rot is a soil-borne disease, and mainly occurs from June to August in Yunnan Province when the temperatures are high and the air is humid. In this study, the endophytic fungal genus  Fusarium  isolate E-2018.1.22-#3.2 was obtained from a  P. notoginseng  embryo.  Fusarium  isolate E-2018.1.22-#3.2 was identified as  Fusarium striatum  based on morphological characteristics and molecular analysis. The fungus was found to have conidiophores and macroconidia, and its  ITS ,  LSU  and  TEF-1α  genes shared 100%, 99.2% and 99% identities with the homologous genes of  Fusarium striatum , respectively. Isolate  F. striatum  E-2018.1.22-#3.2 can cause root rot symptoms, including black, soft roots, fewer lateral roots and leaf wilt, in 93% of the experimental  P. notoginseng  plants, and could be re-isolated, fulfilling Koch’s postulates. When the  P. notoginseng  plants were treated with the fungicide pyraclostrobin, isolate  F. striatum  E-2018.1.22-#3.2 was unable to cause root rot. We have therefore demonstrated that  F. striatum  E-2018.1.22-#3.2 is able to cause root rot disease in  P. notoginseng . This is the first report of root rot disease caused by  F. striatum  on  P. notoginseng  in China.

First Report of Fusarium striatum Causing Root Rot Disease of Panax notoginseng in Yunnan, China