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This article presents experimental results of steel-timber-steel (STS) joints loaded parallel to grain. Eight groups of specimens were designed, and tensile tests were performed. The fastener types and fastener numbers were considered to evaluate the tensile strengths and ductility performances of the STS joints. The screws with 6 mm diameter and the innovative steel-tubes with 18 mm diameter were adopted as connecting fasteners. The experimental results were discussed in terms of yielding and ultimate strengths, slip stiffness, and ductility factors. The ductility classification and failure mechanisms of each group of specimens were analyzed. It was demonstrated that the STS joint with large diameter steel-tubes showed acceptable ductility, which was close to the ductility of the STS joint with small diameter screws, thanks to the hollow structure of the steel-tube. The theoretical strengths of various failure modes for the joints with small diameter screws or large diameter steel-tubes were calculated and compared with the experimental results. The ductile performance of the STS joint was discussed by comparing the theoretical strengths of various failure modes. The effective number of the STS joint with multi-fasteners was also analyzed by considering the failure mechanisms in aspects of tensile strength and slip stiffness.

Experimental Investigation on the Strength and Ductility Performance of Steel-Timber-Steel Joints with Screw and Steel-Tube Fasteners