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Electric vehicles (EVs) have received special consideration from modern society over the past several years. Although EVs are a fine example of environmentally friendly technology and have many advantages, they relatively increase the electricity demand upon a power grid as well. Therefore, their negative impact on busvoltage and line losses should be analyzed. In this study, the effect of EV loads and their penetration on bus voltage and line losses of an IEEE-33 bussystem has been examined via two scenarios. It is important to mention that the effect of EVs on the rate of air pollution, produced by fossil fuel electricity generators, has been investigated throughout the study. Also, the key role of demand response programs in the reduction of EVs’ negative effects on the grid has also been discussed in the last scenario. Generally, the simulation of this paper provides a novel and wider perspective on EVs and their effect on grids and environmental pollution.

energy engineering

Investigating the Effects of the Driving Cycle and Penetration of Electric Vehicles on Technical and Environmental Characteristics of the Hybrid Energy System Considering Uncertainties