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A tailings dam is a facility for the deposition of remaining byproducts in the form of a dammed impoundment after the extraction of useful minerals in mines. If an accident occurs, such as collapse or spillage of a tailings dam, environmental pollution, human health effects, and property damage are anticipated. In particular, large-scale failures of tailings dams have occurred overseas recently. This study analyzed these cases and international management standards for tailings dams. The factors affecting the stability of a tailings dam include geometric conditions, geology, groundwater level, pore water pressure, the strength of tailings, and external conditions such as earthquakes and weather. Liquefaction was indicated as the most important mechanism of large-scale failure. Currently, there are no international management standards for tailings dams. However, there are management standards from Canada, Australia, and the International Council on Mining and Metals, which were reviewed in this study.

International Case Study of Tailings Dam Failure and Management Standards