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Indigenous peoples and settlers engaged in innumerable conflicts in the colonies of Vancouver Island and British Columbia between 1849 and 1871. The constant threat of violent Indigenous resistance to settler colonization in the Pacific Northwest—both real and imagined—produced feelings of anxiety for settlers, especially state officials, that shaped colonial strategy and statecraft. To buttress colonial security, the nascent state partnered with Christian missionaries in the hope that missionaries could use education to cultivate the goodwill of Indigenous peoples and train them to accept colonization. The state’s support for early missionary schooling in colonial British Columbia is examined in the context of settler anxieties regarding three instances of Indigenous resistance: a Lekwungen convergence at Fort Victoria in 1851, the Puget Sound War of 1855–56, and the 1864 Tsilhqot'in War. In different ways, settler anxiety over these conflicts acted as a catalyst, prodding the state to support missionary schooling as a financially expeditious way of trying to contain Indigenous resistance and safeguard colonial security. RESUME Entre 1849 et 1871, les colonies de l’ile de Vancouver et de la Colombie-Britannique sont le lieu d’innombrables con its entre les peuples autochtones et les colons. La menace constante — reelle et imaginaire — d’une resistance violente des Autochtones a la colonisation dans le nord-ouest du Pacifique a engendre un sentiment d’anxiete chez les colons, et en particulier chez les fonctionnaires de l’Etat, ce qui a faconne la strategie et la gestion coloniale. Afin de renforcer la securite coloniale, l’Etat naissant s’est associe avec les missionnaires chretiens dans l’espoir qu’ils utilisent l’education afin d’assurer la bienveillance des peuples autochtones et de les amener a accepter la colonisation. Cet article examine le soutien apporte par l’Etat aux premiers efforts d’enseignement missionnaire en Colombie-Britannique coloniale, dans le contexte des inquietudes des colons par rapport a trois actes de resistance autochtone : un rassemblement Lekwungen au Fort Victoria en 1851, la guerre du Puget Sound de 1855–1856 et la guerre des Tsilhqot'in de 1864. A maints egards, l’inquietude des colons alimentee par ces conflits a agi comme un catalyseur, poussant l’Etat a soutenir l’enseignement missionnaire dans l’espoir d’arriver a contenir la resistance autochtone et a assurer la securite coloniale a peu de frais.

Settler Anxiety and State Support for Missionary Schooling in Colonial British Columbia, 1849 –1871