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 A large body of literature about the residential school system has helped to promote a national awareness and discourse on the issue, but relatively little is known about physical education within that system. This article traces the administrative intent and implementation of physical education—namely sport, exercise, and recreation—at Pelican Lake Indian Residential School from 1926 to 1944. The concept of “citizenship education” was used to focus this study on the ways in which school administrators sought to civilize the students by developing par- ticular ideals of citizenship. Administrators attempted to use physical education as a means to impart character traits, such as self-discipline and good sportspersonship, along with the desire to promote “civilized” ideas about healthy activity. Seemingly trivial elements of residential school life, such as ball games or running races, were part of a broader Indian policy vision that sought the cultural, and, ultimately, the political, assimilation of Indigenous peoples.RESUME Plusieurs etudes sur les pensionnats autochtones ont contribue au developpement d’une conscience et d’un discours national sur cette question, mais on connait toutefois relativement peu de chose au sujet de l’education physique dans le systeme. Cet article examine l’intention administrative et la mise en place de l’education physique—a savoir le sport, l’exercice et les loisirs — au pensionnat indien de Pelican Lake entre 1926 et 1944. Le concept « d’education a la citoyennete » a ete utilise afin de centrer cette etude sur la facon dont les administrateurs du pensionnat ont cherche a civiliser les eleves en developpant des modeles particuliers de citoyennete. Les administrateurs ont cherche a utiliser l’education physique comme un moyen de transmettre des traits de caractere, tels que l’autodiscipline et l’esprit sportif, ainsi que le desir de promouvoir des idees « civilisees » sur les saines habitudes. Ainsi, des elements de la vie au pensionnat en apparence sans importance, tels que les parties de ballon ou les courses, ont fait partie d’une vision plus large de la politique indienne visant l’assimilation culturelle, puis eventuellement, l’assimilation politique des peuples autochtones.

historical studies in education

“Unlike their Playmates of Civilization, the Indian Children’s Recreation must be Cultivated and Developed”:The Administration of Physical Education at Pelican Lake Indian Residential School, 1926–1944