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As the SSVEP paradigm (based on steady state visual evoked potentials) requires EEG-measurement, high number of EEG electrodes might be impractical in daily life scenarios because of the time consuming electrode montage. Reducing the number of signal electrodes can shorten preparation time but might compromise signal quality. This paper explores the number of signal electrodes required to achieve sufficient control over multitarget SSVEP-based BCI systems. In this respect, two of the most commonly used multi-channel classification methods, the minimum energy combination method (MEC) and the canonical correlation analysis (CCA), are investigated. Data from six healthy subjects recorded during a copy spelling experiment using eight signal electrodes were analyzed off-line. A spelling interface with 30 flickering targets was used. Results for all possible channel combinations were evaluated, revealing that already three electrode channels are sufficient for reliable BCI control.

How Many Electrodes are Needed for Multi-target SSVEP-BCI control: Exploring the Minimum number of signal Electrodes for CCA and MEC