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In Reply to Helms: In the article by Helms et al., Helms concludes that infections with Salmonella Typhimurium strains resistant to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfonamide, and tetracycline (hereafter referred to as penta-resistant) were associated with higher death rates than infections with non–penta-resistant S. Typhimurium. Helms also concluded that infections with quinolone-resistant (nalidixine-resistant) S. Typhimurium were associated with higher death rates than quinolone-susceptible S. Typhimurium (1).  Table 2 in Helms’ article provides information that enables close scrutiny of this conclusion and comparison of the excess mortality associated with penta-resistant, quinolone-susceptible S. Typhimurium with the excess mortality of non–penta-resistant S. Typhimurium (1). In this letter, the Table is based on the original table. However, two additional comparisons have been added: the p values, which are not based on the data but are approximations based on the parameters in the table.    Table 2  Two-year relative death rate of patients infected with Salmonella Typhimurium, by antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. Registry linkage study including 2,047 patients and a random matched sample of 20,456 people from the Danish general population    The conclusion is that only quinolone resistance is associated with excess mortality compared with nonresistant isolates. Penta-resistant, quinolone-susceptible S. Typhimurium has a risk ratio of 2.9 (1.1 to 7.9) compared to the ratio of non–penta-resistant isolates 2.1 (1.5 to 2.9). When these figures are compared, the approximate p value is 0.55, which, of course, is far from being significant. Thus, on the basis of the article by Helms, penta resistance may not pose a greater threat to human health than non–penta resistance. However, the measured effect of penta resistance is achieved by the inclusion of quinolone-resistant S. Typhimurium in the group.    Table  Table showing additional comparisons (1)a

Antimicrobial Drug–resistantSalmonellaTyphimurium (Reply to Helms)