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FOOD HABITS OF HARBOR SEALS (PHOCA VITULINA RICHARDII) IN SAN FRANCISCO BAY, CALIFORNIA By Corinne Michele Gibble The diet of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina richardii) in San Francisco Bay (SFB) in California was examined from July 2007 to July 2008 via scat analysis. Scats were collected from five major haul-out sites; 22 species of fish and one species of crustacean were identified from 422 scats. The reliance of a non-native invasive species, Yellowfin Goby (Acanthogobius flavimanus), increased in importance in the diet. Additionally, another non-native invasive fish species, Chameleon Goby (Tridentiger trigonocephalus), was found for the first time in the diet of harbor seals in SFB. Harbor seal diet was compared between seasons, locations, and years using Spearman’s rank correlations; diet was statistically different between years (1991-1992 and 2007-2008), between the pupping and non-pupping seasons, and between North SFB and South SFB haul-out locations. California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG) trawl data were also compared to harbor seal diet data and were found to be significantly correlated. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank the members of my committee, Jim Harvey, Greg Cailliet, and Sarah Allen for thesis support and guidance. I would also like to extend a special thank-you to my unofficial committee members, Bill Walker and Simon Brown, whose individual expertise were both generous and invaluable. Additionally, I am thankful to Kathy Hieb and the CDFG San Francisco Bay Study and the Interagency Ecological Program for the San Francisco Estuary, for comparative data and helpful advice. This thesis would not be possible without the selflessness, zest, and countless hours spent by my sampling and sorting volunteers; especially, Crissy Dyke, Suzanne Manugian, Denise Greig, Heather Kramp, Lauren Donnelly-Crocker, and Stephanie Hughes. I am also indebted to my emotional and scientific support network comprised of Aaron Lopez, Tammy Bye, Erica Donnelly, Brian Hoover, Ashley Neway, Rosemary Romero, Casey T. Clark, Laurie Hall, Lisa Webb, Jason Webb, Kristine Williams, Julia Burrows, Colleen Young, Alex Ponik, Nicole Marsico, Cyndi Dawson, Erin Twomey, and Brett Haggerman, who would all agree that a little bit of wine and a lot of conversation can solve any scientific or life dilemma. I would like to thank Dr. Earl and Ethyl Myers Oceanographic and Marine Biology Trust, the Student Packard Fund, the San Jose State Archimedes Scholarship, and the San Jose State Harvey Ecology Scholarship for financial support. Lastly, I would like to thank my mother, father, sister, brother, Grandma and Grandpa Jabornik, and Grandma and Grandpa Gibble, for their constant support and

Food habits of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina richardii) in San Francisco Bay, California