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EnglishIn the present article we analyze the understanding and the use of the Kantian philosophy by the German physicist Werner Heisenberg, Nobel Prize of Physics of 1932, formulator of the principle of uncertainty. Heisenberg seems to adopt a neo-Kantian understanding of the nature of science, according to which science would not deal with the real itself, but only with the way it appears, which inescapably depends on the interaction between the subject and the object of knowledge. However, in spite of this conception, Heisenberg considers that the Kantian definitions of "space", "time" and "causality" are not compatible with the developments of the quantum mechanics. In this opportunity we will see more carefully the conception of science and the problem of causality. portuguesNo presente artigo analisamos o entendimento e o uso da filosofia kantiana pelo fisico filosofo alemao Werner Heisenberg, premio Nobel de Fisica de 1932, formulador do principio de incerteza. Heisenberg parece adotar uma compreensao neokantiana da natureza da ciencia, segundo a qual a ciencia nao trataria do real em si, mas apenas do modo como ele aparece, o que depende, inescapavelmente, da interacao entre o sujeito e o objeto do conhecimento. No entanto, a despeito de tal posicao, Heisenberg considera que as definicoes kantianas de “espaco”, “tempo” e “causalidade” nao sao compativeis com os desenvolvimentos da mecânica quântica. Nesta oportunidade nos deteremos com mais atencao na concepcao de ciencia e no problema da causalidade.

A recepção de Kant na filosofia da física de Heisenberg