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EnglishThe transcendental idealism announced by Husserl as identical to phenomenology itself was one of the most controversial points of his philosophy. In this respect, one of the first critics of the philosophical position espoused openly by Husserl since Ideas for a Pure Phenomenology was his old student Roman Ingarden. Its dense and resolute criticism in relation to Husserl’s idealistic perspective is supported by deep ontological investigations, contained mainly in his magnum opus, Controversy over the Existence of the World. However, some of the discussions displayed there were already present in his famous writing The Literary Work of Art, from 1929. Indeed, in this text, which seeks to demarcate the ontological status of literary works, Ingarden already undertakes analyses that allow him to question some of the central assumptions of the transcendental idealism advocated by Husserl. The proposal of this work is to present some of the basic notions of Ingarden’s ontology, as well as his views on the mode of being of literary work, and try to understand how these elements coordinate in order to provide to Ingarden some elements that allow him to attempt a realistic response to Husserl’s position. portugues O idealismo transcendental anunciado por Husserl como identico a propria fenomenologia nunca deixou de ser um dos pontos mais polemicos de sua filosofia. A esse respeito, um dos primeiros criticos da posicao filosofica esposada publicamente por Husserl a partir de Ideias para uma fenomenologia pura foi seu outrora aluno Roman Ingarden. Seu denso e resoluto criticismo em relacao a perspectiva idealista de Husserl e amparado por minuciosas investigacoes de ordem ontologica, contidas sobretudo em seu magnum opus, Controversia acerca da existencia do mundo. Contudo, algumas das discussoes ai indicadas ja se faziam presentes em seu famoso escrito A obra de arte literaria, de 1929. Com efeito, neste texto, que busca demarcar o estatuto ontologico das obras literarias, Ingarden ja empreende analises que lhe permitem questionar alguns dos pressupostos centrais ao idealismo transcendental advogado por Husserl. A proposta do presente trabalho e apresentar algumas das nocoes basicas da ontologia ingardeniana, bem como sua visao acerca do modo de ser da obra literaria, e tentar compreender como estes elementos se coordenam a fim de fornecer a Ingarden alguns dos elementos que lhe permitem ensaiar uma resposta realista a perspectiva de Husserl.

Ontologia e obra literária: a resposta realista de Ingarden a Husserl