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© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. The water reservoirs under study – Ikshinskoye, Pestovskoye, Uchinskoye, Pyalovskoye, and Klazminskoye – are lined along the Moscow Canal, which carries the water of the Volga River from Ivankovskoye reservoir to the city of Moscow. The water system was established in 1937 and is one of the main sources of water supply for Moscow. The biological productivity of the said water reservoirs is not high. At the same time, they differ among each other by the degree of phytoplankton growth; there are also essential differences by seasons and years. This study is devoted to clarification of the causes of the spatial and temporal changes of phytoplankton in the water reservoirs of the Moscow Canal (MC). The study is based on analysis of the materials of perennial observations made by JSC Mosvodokanal over the composition and quality of water in the MC water reservoirs in 1961-2012. Data were also used provided by the JSC Moscow Canal on the water balance of the water reservoirs, as well as data of Rosgidromet on the levels and water discharge in the Volga River near the town of Staritsa, and the results of publications and our own observations. Comparison of the mean perennial values of the amount of phytoplankton biomass in the vegetation period shows that the largest phytoplankton growth was observed in Klazminskoye (3.1 mg/l), Pyalovskoye (2.6 mg/l) и Pestovskoye (2.3 mg/l) reservoirs, while the lowest value was found in Uchinskoye (1.4 mg/l) and Ikshinskoye (1.0 мг/л) reservoirs. What were the differences related to? Examining different reservoir parameters, we noticed that one of them, specific catchment (the relation of the catchment area to the reservoir area), closely correlates with the amount of phytoplankton biomass discussed above (r=0.88). This fact testifies that, the greater the specific catchment value is, the greater is the water runoff (per area unit of the water reservoir), together with the supply of nutrient elements which trigger the phytoplankton growth. Indeed, the use of data on the concentration of phosphorus (phosphates) showed a significant relation (r=0.91) between them and the specific water catchment, as expected. At that, we operated with the phosphate concentration in April, when those substances were not yet consumed by the phytoplankton biomass. There is also a relation between the phytoplankton biomass and the phosphate concentration (r=0.71). In the seasonal fluctuations of the phytoplankton growth in the reservoirs in question, the main spring peak of the phytoplankton biomass is evident. In more productive reservoirs (Klazminskoye, Pyalovskoye), its value is greater; an autumn rise of the biomass is observed, too. Such facts have been described in literature (Trifonova, 1990): in low-productivity water bodies (lakes) of the temperate zone only one main spring maximum of the phytoplankton growth is observed, caused by enrichment of the euphotic zone by nutrient elements during convective mixing of the water mass in spring. The second less expressed peak of the phytoplankton biomass growth is possible during autumn convection. At the same time, the reservoirs considered

The hydrometeorological conditions of phytoplankton growth in the water reservoirs of the Moscow Canal