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Purpose : Over the past 20 years we have developed techniques and clinical experience of radio frequency (RF) interstitial hyperthermia. This technique is particularly applicable in the treatment of unresectable tumors and in the management of elderly patients with malignant brain tumors. In this report, we introduce stereotactic intratumoral implantation of electrodes (RF antennas) for interstitial hyperthermia and we also present the achievement and complication rate. Our objective was to assess the feasibility of the stereotactic implantation technique for brain hyperthermia. Methods : A total of 144 procedures (108 for gliomas, 24 for metastatic tumors, 5 for malignant lymphomas, 5 for meningiomas, and 2 for other tumors) have been performed to treat 125 patients with hyperthermia for brain tumor. RF antennas and catheters for thermistor probes were inserted into the tumor using a stereotactic apparatus under local anesthesia. We confirmed the electrode position in the tumor and complications such as hemorrhage in postoperative craniogram and brain computed tomography (CT). Results : The numbers of RF antenna insertions were one in each of 85 cases, two in 43 cases, three in 2 cases, four in 12 cases, five in 1 case, and six in 1 case. Surgical insertion of RF antennas was achieved successfully in 138 of 144 procedures (95.8%). In six of these patients, intratumoral hemorrhage was observed after surgery in 3 patients, one patient had liquorrhea, and antennas were misimplanted in another 2 patients. Incompletion rate was 4.2%. Conclusion : Stereotactic implantation of RF antennas was a safe and effective technique for interstitial hyperthermic treatment of brain tumors.

Stereotactic Technique for Radio-frequency antenna Implantation for Brain Tumor Treatment-Technical Note and Report of Complications-