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To achieve a differential diagnosis of cancerous disease in human soft tissues in vivo in organs such as the liver,breast etc.,of cardiac dynamics with myocardial infarction etc.and hemodynamics or atherosclerosis etc.,various strain measurement based shear modulus reconstruction methods have been developed. The strain tensor in a region of interest (ROI) is measured using ultrasound (US) or magnetic resonance(MR)imaging. The shear modulus reconstruction methods have also been applied to confirm the effectiveness of thermal treatments such as in human liver in vivo, e.g., regeneration, coagulation etc. In this study, the previously developed shear modulus reconstruction methods are extended,so that arbitrary internal mechanical sources expressed as a static or dynamic pressure,or as a force vector in a region of interest can be reconstructed together with a shear modulus such as a high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) and a radiation force for a tissue deformation as well as for treatments,static compressors,vibrators,heart motion and pulsation. Originally,the methods assumed that mechanical sources existed outside of a ROI (i.e., external sources). The new methods are also expected to be able to deal with an internal mechanical source combined with other unknowns,except for the shear modulus, e.g., inertia and mean normal stress. For the purpose of shear modulus reconstructions,such a decrease in the number of unknowns decrease computational time and increase the reconstruction accuracy and stability. The performed simulations show that the extended reconstruction methods have a high potential for yielding an arbitrary internal mechanical source reconstruction together with shear modulus reconstruction. The extension of the reconstruction methods will increase the applications of shear modulus reconstruction,e.g.,a deeply situated tissue can be dealt with,and an image during a treatment with a HIFU or radiation force transmission also becomes possible. Moreover, the reconstruction of a mechanical source permits an evaluation of the activities of dynamic or static cells and tissues such as cardiac cells, blood vessels, skin,muscle, cells and tissues in culture etc. and the estimation of the point spread function (PSF) for designing an US beamformer, and for controlling HIFU treatment and tissue deformation (i.e.elasticity imaging)as well as for other applications.

Reconstruction of a Tissue Shear Modulus Together with Mechanical Sources