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Broad bean has been an important legume on Shikoku-island, in Japan, especially, in Kagawa and Ehime prefectures since the 1900's. The occurrence of mosaic-diseases caused by viruses which has been reported to affect broad bean plants has become a major problem not only on Shikoku-island but in many other areas of Japan5,6,8) A field survey carried out in 1990 and 1991 on Shikoku-island, revealed that almost every broad bean plant showed mosaic and/or necrosis symptoms at the time of harvest, and that a high percentage of broad bean plants were infected with bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV)7). BYMV can be seed-transmitted in a small percentage of pea, broad bean, white sweet clover, and in a higher percentage of yellow and white lupin1). Kaiser4) and Tanaka et al.8,9) reported that the high incidence of mosaic-disease in broad bean fields could be ascribed to the fact that seeds infected with BYMV were brought in the fields and that the seeds represented a primary inoculum source in the fields. The purpose of this investigation was to analyse various factors influencing to seed-transmission of BYMV and to discuss the importance of infected seeds as one of the major sources of primary inoculum in the fields of Shikoku-island. Two isolates of BYMV, BYMV 90-2 and BYMV 90-3, were used in this study. BYMV 90-2 was isolated from a naturally infected broad bean plant showing mosaic symptoms and BYMV 90-3 was obtained from a seedling which was infected with BYMV through seed. Both isolates of BYMV were identified as BYMV-B3) from their host ranges and serological properties. BYMV 90-2 was purified according to the method of Uyeda et al.10) The antiserum to BYMV 90-2 was prepared using a New Zealand white rabbit by injecting 13.4mg of the purified virus in total. The titer of the antiserum was 1:128 in the ring test. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was done as those described by Clark and Adams2), except that polyvinyl-pyrrolidone (PVP) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were not added to PBS-Tween. Broad bean plants belonging to twelve varieties were inoculated with BYMV 90-2 or BYMV 90-3 in the greenhouse at the 3rd or 4th-node stage. After the appearance of mosaic symptoms, the plants were transplanted in a field, and then the plants were covered with cheese cloth and sprayed at 10 to 15 day intervals with an insecticide. When the pods became mature and dry on the plants, the mature seeds were harvested. The fully mature seeds were sown and grown in the greenhouse until the 3rdor 4th-node stage to observe the appearance of symptoms. Mosaic symptoms were present on the primary leaves and they became more pronounced on the compound leaves which developed later. BYMV was detected by ELISA in all the plants showing mosaic symptoms while BYMV was not detected in the plants without mosaic symptoms. The percentage of seed transmission of two BYMV isolates in twelve varieties of broad bean was calculated (Table 1). Among twelve broad bean varieties tested, BYMV 90-2 was found to be seed-borne in ten varieties while BYMV 90-3 was found to be seed-borne in five varieties. The percentage of seed transmission of BYMV 90-2 and 90-3 ranged from 0.0 to 9.2% and 0.0 to 3.7%, respectively. Both isolates could be transmitted with comparative ease through seeds of some varieties, such as Nintoku-issun, Shimizu-wase and Ryousai-issun. On the other hand, both isolates could

Seed Transmission of Bean Yellow Mosaic Virus in Broad Bean (Vicia faba).