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Plasma membrane modifications in AF-toxin I-treated susceptible strawberry leaves were similar to those in AK-toxin I-treated susceptible Japanese pear leaves, but the former was slightly different in ultrastructural features from the latter. The modifications due to AF-toxin I had the characteristic features in ultrastructure as follows: 1) the specific occurrence of small plasmalemmal invaginations at plasmodesmata, 2) the accumulation of scanty polysaccharide-components and a small amount of membranous fragments into the invaginated spaces between the cell walls and the plasma membranes, 3) the appearance of a moderate number of exocytotic Golgi vesicles, and 4) the relatively low incidence of the invaginations. The AF-toxin I-induced modifications were recognized as the slightly damaged type of plasma membrane modifications while the AK-toxin I-induced modifications as the severely damaged type. The results suggested that the effects of AF-toxin I on susceptible strawberry cells were different in some ways from those of AK-toxin I on susceptible Japanese pear cells. In addition, the leakage-sites of tissue-ions were examined in AF-toxin I-treated strawberry leaves, using both antimonate-fixation method and analytical electron microscopy. As the results, it was proved that Na and Mg ions were leaked from the plasma membranes in the vicinity of plasmodesmata at which the modifications specifically occurred in AF-toxin I-treated susceptible cells. This indicated that the slightly damaged type of plasma membrane modifications caused by AF-toxin I in susceptible strawberry leaves was closely associated with the electrolyte-leakage as well as the severely damaged type of plasma membrane modifications caused by AK-toxin I in susceptible Japanese pear leaves.

nippon shokubutsu byori gakkaiho/nihon shokubutsu byouri gakkaihou

Slightly Damaged Type of Plasma Membrane Modification in Strawberry Leaves Treated with AF-Toxin I Produced by Alternaria alternata Strawberry Pathotype.