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Pythium iwayamai S. Ito, P. okanoganense Lipps and P. paddicum Hirane have been described as the main causal organisms of Pythium snow rot of wheat and barley in Japan1,2). P. paddicum was prevailing in ill-drained paddy fields, whereas P. iwayamai was dominant in upland fields3). Since the disease occurs even in the first year of wheat and barley cultivation under deep snow (Takamatsu, unpublished data), the pathogens seem to exist in the soils before start of cultivation of these plants. This paper describes the presence or absence, and kinds of the main Pythium snow rot fungi in the soils where these crops have not been planted. Abstract of this study has been presented elsewhere4). A survey was performed in 1985 and 1986. Twenty paddy fields, ten upland fields and six forests were selected at random as survey points in the northeastern part of Fukui Prefecture. In early December, about 500g of soil was collected from 0-3cm depth in 20 sites of each survey point since the pathogens can easily be detected during this season (Takamatsu, unpublished data). All samples were air-dried for 2-3 days and filtered through a 16 or 9 mesh-sieve. To detect Pythium in soil, direct inoculation method5) with a slight modification6), baiting method with young wheat leaf pieces and indexing method with wheat seedlings were employed. Bacto-corn meal agar supplemented with 10ppm pimaricin (Torii Yakuhin, Tokyo), 100ppm PCNB (Nissan Kagaku Kogyo, Tokyo), 50ppm Streptomycin (Meiji Seika, Tokyo) and 5,000ppm wheat germ oil (Japan Impex, Tokyo) was used for detection medium. Direct inoculation method was performed by placing 4 crumbs (about 1.5mg each) of soil per Petri dish containing the above selective medium with ten replicates and by counting growth of Pythium spp. from each soil at 1C for 2 weeks. The identification of the species was done by growing at 15C. In the baiting method, 1.0, 0.1 and 0.01g of the soil were placed on each filter paper (Toyo Roshi, Tokyo, No.2, 9cm diam.) in a Buchner funnel in triplicates and

Detection of Pythium snow rot fungi in the soils having no cultivation history of wheat and barley.