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Holmes1) first demonstrated that tomato and tobacco stems inoculated with a severe strain of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and incubated at 35C became contained mild strains. This procedure has since been applied by many workers to induce mild or attenuated strains of TMV. Also, changes in plant viruses induced by host passage are interesting phenomena2,3). Lebeurier and Hirth4) used serial passage in tobacco leaf disks at higher temperatures to isolate a strain of TMV that grew effectively at 36C but not at 24C. To induce attenuated strains of TMV, we used a new procedure5) in which an ordinary strain of TMV (TMV-O) was passed repeatedly through Nicotiana glutinosa plants infected systemically or locally under the condition of alternating temperature regimes. As a result, attenuated strains causing only mild or slight mottling in Samsun tobacco plants occurred frequently6-8). This paper describes the brief outline of properties of some representative strains among these attenuated strains. The attenuated strains, SA-3, SC-4, SA-8 and SA-10, were obtained respectively after the 3rd passage (6 passages in total: 30C-3, 25C-3), the 4th passage (8 passages in total: 30C-3, 35C-1, 25C-4), the 8th passage (16 passages in total: 30C-3, 35C -5 , 25C-8) and after the 10th passage (20 passages in total: 30C-3, 35C-7, 25C10), each of which involved both passages of parent TMV-O through N. glutinosa plants infected systemically at higher temperatures and locally at usual temperature. These attenuated strains always caused only slight mottling in the plants of N. tabacum cv. Samsun or N. sylvesfris.

nippon shokubutsu byori gakkaiho/nihon shokubutsu byouri gakkaihou

Outline of some attenuated strains of tobacco mosaic virus induced by serial passage through Nicotiana glutinosa plants infected systemically or locally at alternating temperature regimes.