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Resistance or susceptibility of rice plants to Pyricularia oryzae Cavara was determined by host-parasite relationship1). However, these specific mechanisms in rice blast disease have not yet been elucidated clearly. It has been well established that heat treatment of plants causes remarkable changes in their responses to fungi2,3,4,5,6,7). Recently, Ikegami8) reported that resistance of rice plants against incompatible race of P. oryzae was reduced by heat shock. Thus, thermobiological approaches seem to provide some valuable information. In order to further explore the heat-induced susceptibility of rice plants to pathogens or other fungi, we investigated the effect of heat treatment on the lesion development and sporulation by Pyricularia species. Pyricularia isolates from madake (isolate T607), from ragi (isolates K4 and Z8), from green bristle grass (isolate E1) and from Italian ryegrass (isolate L1-1), P. grisea from crabgrass (isolate ME1) and P. oryzae (isolates Naga 87, TY70-94, Ken 54-04 and Ken 60-19) were used. Cultivars of rice plants, Aichi-asahi and Shin 2, were employed throughout the experiment. Detached leaves from plants which had been grown for 60 days were immersed in a water bath at 55C for 10 or 15sec. The pre-heated and unheated controls were wounded slightly, and a drop of conidial suspension was placed on the wound. After incubation at 27C for 4 days in a moist chamber, size of lesions formed on the leaves and amount of conidia on the lesions were examined. Results are summarised in Tables 1 and 2. Heat treatment of rice leaves before inoculation increased their susceptibility to blast fungi. As shown in Tables 1 and 2, size of lesion, especially its length, increased with increasing heat dosage. However, significant differences in the length of lesions were observed between compatible and incompatible interactions. Necrotic lesions on heated rice leaves (cv. Aichi-asahi) inoculated with the compatible races (isolates Ken 60-19, TY70-94 and Ken 54-04)

Effect of heat treatment before inoculation on lesion development and sporulation of several Pyricularia fungi on rice leaves.