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The social and health consequences of not breastfeeding and the economic realities associated with expensive diagnostic testing and antiretroviral treatment also play a factor in the present condition. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is characterized by profound immune suppression that leads to opportunistic infections, secondary neoplasm and neurologic manifestations. It also leads to a progressive decrease in the number and function of CD4+ T lymphocytes, depressing the immune response. Objectives: Evaluation of the levels of salivary IgA in HIV affected children and the children of the general population within the age group of 9-12 years. Methods: 60 children in the age group of 9-12 years were selected for the study, of which 30 children were the HIV affected group (Group A) and 30 were randomly selected children from the general population (Group B). The whole procedure was explained to the child and their parents and written informed consent was obtained from the parents. Results: 7 showed an increase in the same. Among the 19 children with caries, 7 showed a decrease of SIgA levels and 12 showed an increase of the same. The mean SIgA levels in saliva of HIV affected children was 7.67 mg/dl, which was significantly lower than that of 8.37 mg/dl seen in normal children and a statistical significance of 0.043 was obtained on comparison of the two groups. Conclusion: Sig A was found to be significantly lower in HIV Affected children, which can increase the risk of caries development. Hence it is essential to know the status of their dental health needs so that it can be addressed promptly. These include the application of preventive methods to control the carious lesions, restoration of existing lesions and implementation of hygiene habits. The adequate management of oral lesions is vital to improving the quality of life of these HIV Affected children.

international journal of current research and review

A Comparative Evaluation of the Levels of Salivary IgA in HIV Affected Children and the Children of the General Population within the Age Group of 9 – 12 Years – A Cross-Sectional Study