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Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent neurodevelopmental disorders in childhood and a reason for frequent consultation in primary care. Objective: To assess whether the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) is a useful tool to discriminate children with ADHD from children without this condition, with the purpose of optimizing referrals to Specialized Care. Method: Prospective descriptive observational study, authorized by the Research Ethics Committee of Galicia. We included 305 subjects between 4 and 16 years, 226 patients were recruited in mental health and 79 in pediatrics. Results: The version of the SDQ for parents globally reached a greater sensitivity and specificity than the version for teachers or the self-evaluated one. In the parent version we obtained a sensitivity of 81.00% (95% CI 72.81-89.19), with a specificity of 53.66% (95% CI 46.59-60.73) and an area under the curve of 0.71 (95% CI 0.65-0.77). The sensitivity reached was higher (in the different versions of the SDQ, according to sex and age) when we analyzed the data with a cut-off point of 6 points. Conclusions: The SDQ is a useful tool to discriminate children with ADHD in a Spanish population. This questionnaire could facilitate the assessment of children with symptoms compatible with ADHD in Primary Care, after referral to Specialized Care. The early detection of neurodevelopmental disorders will have a positive impact on the quality of life of our patients and their families.

El Cuestionario de Capacidades y Dificultades (SDQ) como herramienta de cribado para el Trastorno por Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad