Fuzzy Logic Approach for Cluster-Head Election in Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) consists of small battery-powered sensor nodes with limited energy resources, with sensing, computation, and communications capabilities. One of the crucial issues in WSN is energy consumption thus, poor energy efficient routing. The lifetime of the entire network depending on the energy efficiency of the sensor network which finally requires an energy- efficient routing protocol. This paper provides energy-efficient routing by using a fuzzy logic approach in the clusterhead selection process that provides a completely non-probabilistic approach in order to balance the energy consumption of nodes and prolong the WSN lifetime. This approach uses three fuzzy variables: Residual energy of the nodes, distance to Base station and distance to the cluster-head. Simulations results show that the proposed algorithm improves energy consumption and significantly prolong the network lifetime in wireless sensor networks when compared with LEACH protocol.