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TV broadcasting systems have improved from standard-definition TV (SDTV) to high-definition TV (HDTV) and from analog to digital TV. Flat-panel displays for HDTV have been popular in homes in recent years, and a new TV broadcasting system called UltraHigh-Definition TV (UHDTV) with a wide field of view (FOV) has been proposed as a future TV broadcasting system 1) 2). Viewers of such wide FOV TV displays often feel as though they are in the displayed space. This sensation is often referred to as a sense of presence or "being there" 3) 4) and often plays an important role in providing TV viewers with high quality simulated experiences. This sensation can be experienced by viewers watching wide FOV TV images of sufficiently high quality without image degradation or blurring. Therefore, it is important for the wide FOV TV system to provide viewers images of sufficient quality. Viewers of images which are simply expanded to widen the display FOV might perceive image blurring because of the expanded FOV of expanded big pixels. The expanded big pixels cause viewers to perceive blur and degradation of the image quality, and consequently, they prevent viewers from feeling the sense of presence from having high quality simulated experiences. It is essential to increase the spatial resolution of wide FOV TV systems in order to provide the rich sensation of presence and high quality simulated experiences for viewers. UHDTV systems, therefore, are designed to have a spatial resolution of 4320 scan lines by 7680 horizontal pixels and are often referred to as an "8k system" based on the number of horizontal pixels. This high spatial resolution ensures that most viewers do not experience degradation or blurring of still images when watching an 8k UHDTV with a horizontal FOV as wide as 100 degrees and that viewers can feel the sense of presence and have high quality simulated experiences. The wide FOV TV elevates the importance of evaluating the moving image quality for reasons described below. Camera movements or camerawork will likely be changed in the production of UHDTV programs from traditional TV programs. Traditional TV programs with narrow FOVs have been filmed with frequent zoomup camerawork to present viewers with details of interesting objects because of the low spatial resolution. They also have been filmed by TV cameras with narrow Abstract A major problem in the subjective evaluation of TV image quality is individual variability among participants. The large individual differences in the susceptibility to image blurring result in imprecise evaluations and loss of power to detect statistically significant differences between experimental conditions. In image quality assessments of traditional televisions, the observers' visual acuities (VA) should be screened. For emerging TV systems with wide field-of-view (FOV), in which objects move quickly relative to the display frame, it is unclear whether screening viewers' VAs is sufficient or not. In the wide FOV TV image quality evaluations, screening of the dynamic visual acuity (DVA) might be effective to control for the individual differences. We show here that a significant correlation between the number of blurred frames reported and the observer's DVA. Therefore, DVA screening is important to avoid an imprecise evaluation and to detect statistical significance between experimental conditions.

[papers] Viewers' Susceptibility to Image Blurs in Watching Ultra-high-definition TV Correlates with Their Dynamic Visual Acuity