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Estimation of the scattering of electromagnetic waves by buildings and other obstacles is very important for wireless communications in urban areas. In this paper, the electric fields of the waves, which are transmitted from one side of a building to travel over its rooftop to reach the other side were calculated on the basis of the GTD including slope diffraction for the cases where rooftop obstacles are and are not present. The fields as diffracted by a square obstacle and a conductive plate on a rooftop of a building are also discussed. The numerical results show that most of the diffracted waves that travel along the rooftop surface are slope-diffracted, and that installing a conductive plate of suitable height on the building's rooftop is a fairly effective way of improving the received level of electric field strength.

Analysis of the Diffraction of Electromagnetic Fields by Buildings with Rooftop Obstacles.