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The task of the immune system is to prevent foreign organisms from entering the body, if microbes have entered the body, to destroy them, to prevent or delay their spread. One of the most important features of the immune system is that it has the ability to recognize and distinguish millions of different microbes that are foreign to it. The immune system, like the brain, evaluates and synthesizes the situation, which is this breeding organ, and produces different training and special responses to microbes, cancer. This is a feature that does not exist in any system or organ except the brain and immune system. In summary, the task of the immune system is to protect the essence of the individual. For this reason, he knows himself first and does not harm the essence. In this context, it can be said that the immune system spends as much effort on self-knowledge as it does on fighting the enemy.  This rewiev article is intended to provide an overview of the CTLA-4 and PD-1 pathways and the description of their efficacy in cancer therapy or immunotherapy.

Are anti-CTL4 and anti-PD-1 an effective biomarker in immunotherapy?