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Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a condition with recurrent collapses of the pharyngeal region that result in partial or total reduction in airflow. Its diagnosis and severity depends on the Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI), data from the polysomnography exam (PSG). Its pathophysiology includes anatomical disorders of the upper airways that can be assessed through Flexible Nasofibroscopy (FN).   Objective: To identify the alterations present in the tests of FN and PSG in patients with OSA and correlate with the AHI.   Methods: Cross-sectional study, with data collected from reports of the FN and PSG exams of 81 patients with OSA, seen at an otorhinolaryngology clinic in Tubarão - SC. It was verified the association between the outcome –AHI- and other exposure variables - sociodemographic and clinical.   Results: Among the 81 patients, 75.31% were male, 41.98% had mild apnea, 30.86% moderate and 27.16% severe apnea. There was no correlation between FN findings and AHI (p&gt; 0.05). There was a difference between the mean age, number of obstructive episodes per hour of sleep and minimum saturation between the groups with severe and mild apnea (p &lt;0.05). Patients with severe apnea had a higher percentage of sleep phase one and a shorter REM sleep time compared to the mild apnea group (p &lt;0.05). A positive correlation was obtained between: obstructive episodes with sleep stage 1 (p &lt;0.01) and age (p &lt;0.05); between minimum saturation and sleep stage 3 (p &lt;0.05). There was an inverse correlation between obstructive episodes with minimal saturation (p &lt;0.001), with sleep stage 3 (p &lt;0.01) and with REM sleep (p &lt;0.01); between age and minimum saturation (p &lt;0.01).   Conclusion: OSA directly interferes with sleep architecture. The present study did not find association between upper airway alterations and OSA severity.

Association between Flexible Nasal Endoscopy, Polysonography Findins and Obstructive Sleep Apnea Severety