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T wave amplitude is dependent greatly on the heart rate. This amplitude variability is useful for risk assessment of the occurrence and recurrence of ventricular tachyarrhythmia in patients with and without structural heart diseases [1-3], whereas U wave amplitude dynamicity is not fully investigated. U wave is a small wave component followed by T wave in the electrocardiogram (ECG). Polarity of the U wave determines its abnormalities, i.e. positive U wave is generally physiologic, whereas negative U wave is pathologic [4]. The amplitude of the physiologic U wave is less than one fourth of the positive T wave amplitude [5]. However, rate-dependent U wave dynamics remains unclear in comparison with T wave dynamics. We experienced an old female patient showing clear physiologic U wave and analyzed rate-dependent dynamics of both T and U waves simultaneously. Case Description

Rate-Dependent Repolarization Dynamics: Correlation between Electrocardiographic T Wave and U Wave