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In Recent years, flood disasters are frequently taking place where relatively steep slope rivers meet in the mountainous area. The cause of the disasters is mainly due to the sudden rise of water level at a confluence, which sometimes accompanies a hydraulic jump in the upstream region. In this research, a numerical simulation based on the shallow water equations and the unstructured grid system is performed to investigate the effect of the discharge ratio to the flow patterns at a confluence. In order to simulate a river confluence in the mountains, the main channel slope is set at 1/80 with a tributary channel slope of 1/40. Laboratory experiments are also conducted to provide data with respect to water surface profiles. Water surface velocity distributions are obtained by an imaging technique, LSPIV, using a high vision video camera. It is made clear that general flow features calculated by the simulation model agree fairly well with the experiments including the location of hydraulic jumps.

Analysis of Open-Channel Confluence Super-Critical Flow Using High Resolution Video Camera