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Industrial modernization and the formation of industrial civilization in Russia began during the imperial period, but the most significant results were obtained in Soviet times. One of the first industrial programs in the Ural-Siberian region was the formation of the Ural-Siberian industrial plant. As part of the program new cities, various industrial  enterprises, new transport routes were built in the Urals and Siberia. New mines were rebuilt in Kuzbass, and the Kuznetsk Metallurgical Plant was built in Stalin (now Novokuznetsk). A metallurgical plant was also built in the Urals in Magnitogorsk. These metallurgical plants in the 1930s were considered the largest in the USSR. Industrial  modernization in  the country was considered a priority national  program, which made it possible to have a large number of industrial enterprises in the Asian part of Russia, in the rear of the country on the eve of World War II. These plants worked almost round the clock during   the  war  years.   Industrial  modernization  continued   in   the  postwar  years.   In  Siberia   the construction   of   large   energy   facilities   began,   one   of   the   first   was   the   construction   of   the Novosibirsk hydroelectric station and then the Irkutsk, Bratsk and Ust-Ilim hydroelectric stations were built on the Angara, the Sayano-Shushenskaya and Krasnoyarskya hydroelectric stations on the Yenisei,  while Siberia,  rich in varions natural resources, underwent economic development. The author believes, that the territory of the Siberian region was developed thanks to the migration policy   of   the   Soviet   state.  Mostly   youth   contingents  were   sent   to   the   region,   who   actively participated   in   the   construction  of   cities,   industrial   enterprises   and   transport   communications. As a result of the study, it was concluded that, as in the whole country, a peculiar model of socialist modernization was implemented in the Siberian macroregion, which ensured the transition from a traditional society to an industrial-urban society not only in the European part,  but also on the eastern  outskirts   of   the  Russian   state.  The   chosen   strategy  of   socio-economic   transformations turned out  to be a decisive factor in  the geopolitical  positioning of  the USSR in the twentieth century.

Modernization of the Soviet Economy and Society in the Siberian Region