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During the winter of 2009, we observed an outbreak of severe respiratory disease in Symphysodon discus in a fish farm. The disease began with anorexia, respiratory distress and behavioral disorders and caused the death of all affected juveniles (80%) within a few days. Gill filaments were inflamed, hyperplastic and necrotic, and were infected with Sciadicleithrum variabilum. We amplified the cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene of the monogenean using PCR and sequenced the gene as a molecular marker to rapidly identify the species. We demonstrated successful sequencing of the COI gene for S. variabilum identification, together with the need to monitor this pathogen in fish farms.

Sciadicleithrum variabilum (Dactylogyridae: Monogenea) Infection in Symphysodon discus: a Case Report