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Snakehead (Ophicephalus striatus) and catfish (Clarias batraclus) with the Epizootic Ulcerative Syndrome (EUS) were sampled for bacteria. Total bacterial counts of skin and muscle/dermal lesions revealed mean colony forming units (CFU) per gram tissue of 1.22 x 103, 1.40 x 105, 5.31 x 195 and 1.14 x 107 in apparently normal, slightly lesioned, moderately lesioned and severely lesioned snakehead samples, respectively. In catfish, mean CFU per gram tissue were 4.30 x 104 and 2.00 x 105 in apparently normal and slightly lesioned specimens, respectively. Kidney samples likewise revealed the presence of bacteria. Bacteria isolated on trypticase soy agar and Rimler-Shotts medium were predominantly Aeromonas hydrophila occurring in 90% of snakeheads and in 33% of catfish specimens. Infection experiments of A. hydrophila injected intramuscularly into healthy snakehead and catfish induced dermo-muscular necrotic lesions. A dose of at least 106 cells of A. hydrophila was required to induce EUS-like lesions in snakehead and catfish at 21-25 degree C in 24-96 h

Pathogenicity of the Epizootic Ulcerative Syndrome (EUS)-Associated Rhabdovirus to Snakehead Ophicephalus striatus.