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Nine F2 families from crosses among six peanut cultivars and breeding lines were used to investigate the inheritance of dry matter deposition and free arginine as a parameter of maturity. Results indicated that dry matter was a quantitative character governed by multiple genes, whereas free arginine level seemed to be controlled by two major genes with partial dominance for the low arginine character. Marked transgressive segregation of F2 families below the lower dry matter parents and above the higher arginine parents was found in most of the nine crosses of various genotypes. Broad sense heritabilities were lower for the dry matter (38 to 78%) than for the level of arginine (60% to 93%). The higher broadsense heritability of the free arginine level in these peanut cultivars examined lends theoretical support to the use of the arginine maturity index (AMI) as a measure of maturation. Correlation coefficients between dry matter and AMI varied from − .198 to − .946.

Inheritance of Dry Matter Deposition and Free Arginine Level in Maturing Peanuts, Arachis hypogaea L