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The structure of Al 3 Sc precipitates in Al –Mg– Si–Cu – Sc –Zr alloys annealed at 450 °C was investigated using transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The Al 3 Sc particles contain mainly Sc and small amounts of Zr, Si, and Cu. The addition of Zr limits the size of the Al 3 Sc precipitates to about 10– 30 nm, and these precipitates are coherent with the matrix. Density functional energy calculations showed that exceptionally small energies are required to dissolve Zr and Cu in Sc and Al sublattices, respectively. On the contrary, Cu, Mg, and Si are difficult to be dissolved in the Sc sublattice.

Experimental and theoretical characterization of Al 3 Sc precipitates in Al–Mg–Si–Cu–Sc–Zr alloys