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In order to develop a refiner of Mg– Al alloys, an Al – 1C (in wt.%) master alloy was synthesized using a casting method. The microstructure and grain-refining performance of the Al – 1C master alloy were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and a grain-refining test. The microstructure of the Al – 1C master alloy is composed of α-Al solid solution, Al 4 C 3  particles, and graphite phases. After grain refinement of AZ63B alloy by the Al – 1C master alloy, the mean grain size reached a limit when 2 wt.% Al – C master alloy was added at 800 °C and held for 20 min in the melt before casting. The minimum mean grain size is approximately 48 μm at the one-half radius of the ingot and is about 17% of that of the unrefined alloy. The Al – 1C master alloy results in better grain refinement than C 2 Cl 6  and MgCO 3  carbon-containing refiners.

Grain refinement of an AZ63B magnesium alloy by an Al–1C master alloy