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The intrinsic barriers against the glide of dislocations lying along low-index crystallographic directions, the so-called  Peierls barriers , are overcome by the thermally activated and stress-assisted generation of pairs of kinks of opposite sign in the dislocations. In plastically deformed Al four low-temperature mechanical relaxation processes resulting from this are identified. In a sequence of falling temperatures, the corresponding internal-friction peaks are the original Bordoni peak ( a  0 〈110〉/2 screw dislocations on {111} slip planes;  a  0  = edge length of the elementary cube), Niblett’s ‘subsidiary peak’ (60°-dislocations on {111}), the Lax–Filson peak (edge dislocations on {111}), and the Kosugi–Kino peak (30°-dislocations on {111}). In other face-centred cubic (fcc) metals (e. g. Cu, Pd) the relaxation processes of the dislocations lying along 〈110〉 as well as those lying along 〈112〉 overlap, giving rise to just two peaks, namely  very broad  Bordoni and Niblett–Wilks peaks.

Peierls barriers, kinks, and flow stress: Recent progress