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A failure in the form of leakages caused by crack formation occurred after approximately 25 years of operationn on a type 1.4301 stainless steel container thermally insulated with polyurethane. From the appearance of the damages it was clear that the failure was caused by stress corrosion cracking. It was shown that chloride release by the ageing of the PU foam was responsible for the corrosion. The damages were documented via 3D digital microscopy and metallography. To avoid these kinds of damages, insulation materials free of halogen compounds should be used. Regular checks of old stainless steel reactors insulated with PU foam and operated at elevated temperatures are recommended.

Stress Corrosion Cracking on a Stainless Steel Container Triggered by the Ageing of a Polyurethane Insulation