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After starting the austempering nucleation of bainitic ferrite was observed within a very short time. Samples that austempered for 2 min.showed martensite in the microstructure. By increasing the austempering time from 30 min to 90 min the retained austenite decomposes and X-ray diffraction observations revealed the greatest volume fraction of retained austenite up to 17.3 and 23.8 percent when austempered for 30 min. Micro-hardness of the bainitic ferrite increased up to 370 and 500 HV and micro-hardness of the retained austenite increased up to 300 and 400 HV at the austempering temperatures of 300°C and 400°C respectively. In comparison to austempered ductile iron, the austempered compacted graphite cast iron shows higher rate of bainitic reaction. Bainite formation driving force and consequently the rate of austempering process are higher in compacted graphite cast irons.

Effect of Austempering Temperature and Time on the Kinetics and Microstructure of Austempered Compacted Graphite Cast Irons