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Current collector rings (X12Cr13 stainless steel, Mat. No. 1.4006) exhibited different susceptibilities for staining, if provided from different manufacturers. The electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation test (EPR test) revealed sensitisation as the reason for the insufficient corrosion behaviour. In the initial state, steel SS-1 shows a tempered structure and some ferrite with a sensitisation of max. 2.7%; steel SS-2 with a ferritic structure and carbides at the grain boundaries contains MnS and Ti(C,N) and exhibits sensitisation of ≈80%. After establishing a defined starting condition for both steels by solution annealing at 1050°C for 30 min, the steels were hardened in oil, air or cooled slowly in the furnace. Moreover, such oil-quenched samples were annealed at various conditions (800 or 750°C for 45 or 24 h), and the influence on sensitisation was determined via EPR test. The oil-quenched samples revealed the lowest degrees of sensitisation. Some unusual EPR results for SS-2 could be correlated with the dissolution of MnS during the test.

Microstructure and EPR Studies of 13% Chromium Steels after Various Heat Treatments and the Influence of MnS on the EPR Test